Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Michael Levin’s the Case for Torture (Review)

Michael Levin’s â€Å"The Case for Torture† contends that there are different purposes behind permitting torment to exist in the United States of America. Levin couldn't imagine anything better than to see society change its negative perspectives on torment so that, in specific situations, torment would be passable. The article begins with an extremely concise portrayal of how he accepts society sees the subject of torment as a negative thing. He leads on to restrict that perspective and gives three cases in which he accepts torment must be regulated with different reasons endeavoring to help his musings. The theoretical cases Levin utilizes run from exceptionally outrageous circumstances, to a circumstance where we may some of the time see on the news. Levin makes it understood to the crowd that he doesn't concur with torment as a discipline and spotlights on precisely what it ought to be utilized for. He likewise focuses on that there is a significant contrast among psychological militants and casualties and he trusts it would stop the discussion of â€Å"terrorist rights†. Levin likewise composes on his conviction that most psychological oppressor do their violations for exposure and therefore, the fear based oppressor will be genuinely simple to distinguish and later be tormented. He shuts the article by saying torment would make little risk western vote based systems and foreseeing what he accepts will occur later on. After numerous through readings of Michael Levin’s article, I feel the demeanor he conveys along exhaustive the article presents him as a forcefully confident individual. The majority of the thinking he gives is vigorously founded on disgraceful interests. The power of poignancy he places into the peruser is extremely convincing however doesn't satisfy the contention just as it ought to due to the absence of good rationale and thinking. Levin utilizes three central matters to persuade perusers why torment ought to be utilized. The primary significant point incorporates three speculative cases as integral motivation to why it‘s significant. His subsequent point clarifies the purpose behind the need of torment. At long last he states who gets the opportunity to get the tormenting and quickly portrays what the result might be. Levin's greatest point is produced from the three speculative cases he gives the peruser. As I would see it, they are unmistakably work more as a passionate model and not a sound explanation. The first case is one in which a nuclear bomb is planted on Manhattan Island and will blow around early afternoon. The presume requests cash and arrival of his companions from prison. He is gotten at 10 A. M. what's more, the man won’t unveil any data on the bomb. â€Å"What do you do† (201)? The second case discusses a bomb on a kind sized fly. The presume's requests can't be met. Won’t we do anything to the blackmailer to the spare the travelers (201)? The third speculative case is given outcomes from a four man survey. The case is one in which an infant is captured from a medical clinic. OK permit the tormenting of the hijacker so as to get him back? I feel that each of the three speculative circumstances have something about them that don't cause me to feel persuaded. The principal circumstance where the bomb is planted Manhattan Island appears to be excessively ridiculous because of reasons that you don't generally know about this sort of stuff on the news and furthermore that the aircraft is caught. Regardless of whether an individual requests cash and arrival of his companions from prison, Levin doesn't clarify how someone would approach discovering this individual any place he is stowing away? Levin additionally has an extremely shaky area in clarifying the circumstance since when he discusses the plane, he says â€Å"Preferring demise to disappointment †Won’t reveal where the bomb is. †(201). Saying to perusers he lean towards death to disappointment would sensibly imply that, regardless of whether tormented, the man is as yet not going to uncover the data since he would prefer to kick the bucket than bombing his strategic accepting his needs. The subsequent circumstance's shortcoming's originates from an absence of basic data and by and by the rareness of the circumstance. The circumstance includes a Jumbo Jet where a bomb has been planted which can be defused ONLY by the aircraft which is in police care. Levin says â€Å"Surely we can, we should, do anything to the blackmailer to spare the passengers† (201). By and by, what precisely is torment going to do in this circumstance if the bomb is noticeable all around on the plane? How precisely is the bomb going to be defused? I feel that this circumstance could have improved a lot of a contention on the off chance that he would have set aside the effort to clear up precisely how the bomb would get defused. Later in the passage Levin includes, â€Å"If you got the fear monger, would you be able to rest evenings realizing that millions kicked the bucket since you were unable to force yourself to apply the terminals? â€Å"(201). It is obviously a genuinely stacked sentence. He intentionally emphasizes the word â€Å"you† in light of the fact that he needs you to sink into that idea and cause you to feel downright terrible about the circumstance. The third theoretical case, which I think about most vulnerable, is clarified with aftereffects of a casual survey dependent on the circumstance. In the survey, four moms are inquired as to whether they would favor the tormenting of the ruffian that captures their youngster if that were important to get them back. Each of the four moms said they would favor of it. I feel this contention doesn't give an extraordinary case of what makes torment satisfactory. It is a greater amount of a guide to show what somebody would accomplish for their friends and family. Its shortcoming is unmistakably found in the quantity of members in the survey that he is utilizing and in the one-sided conclusion they no doubt previously had. The best piece of Levin’s thinking is communicated when he discusses why precisely he accepts torment ought to be acknowledged and not saw upon as something repulsive. In the article, Levin says â€Å"I am upholding torment as a satisfactory measure for forestalling future indecencies. †(201). He works superbly of making it understood precisely what he implies. In doing as such, he quickly clarifies a contention he accepts individuals against capital punishment use. The contention is that by slaughtering the killer, you are not bringing back the casualty that was murdered. Levin clarifies that as opposed to slaughtering after a homicide has happened, he advocates that tormenting somebody prevents the blameless from being dispatched. Levin clarifies that torment should ONLY be utilized for the sparing of lives. This prompts what he accepts is the most remarkable contention against torment. Individuals would demand that such practices ignore the privileges of the person. Levin first counter-contention is introduced when he says â€Å"Well, if the individual is such significant, and he is, it is correspondingly essential to ensure the privileges of people undermined by psychological oppressor. â€Å"(201). It appeared to be a sound contention to me on account of the manner in which he utilized enemy of torment line to help his master torment contention. Levin later says â€Å"Unlike his casualties, he (the psychological militant) chipped in the dangers of his deed. By taking steps to slaughter for benefit or optimism, he repudiates edified gauges, and he can have no objection if development attempts to impede him by whatever implies essential. (202). He thinks if an individual chooses to contradict enlightened principles, he ought not hope to be treated with indistinguishable rights from the individuals who do adhere to humanized guidelines. In spite of the fact that it sounds sensible, he makes a supposition here. Levin expect that the presume KNO WS they are conflicting with enlightened principles. Does this imply a sociopath that can't recognize humanized norms would not be tormented? I feel more of explanation could support this contention. Levin addresses the issue of tormenting an inappropriate individual. He begins by causing a supposition psychological oppressor to declare themselves and perform for TV and open acknowledgment. Levin says â€Å"After all, you can’t scare an administration into discharging your political dissidents except if you declare that it is your gathering that has held onto its consulate. †(202). It is simply one more theoretical circumstance to twist things his way without giving recorded proof of a genuine circumstance where the psychological militant really distinguished themselves. It is just as in his eyes, he thinks finding the correct culprit is an extremely straightforward assignment. At long last, in the last passage he says â€Å"There will be little threat that the western popular governments will lose their direction on the off chance that they decide to incur torment as a method of protecting request. I saw that his case appears to be somewhat altered in the last passage. Levin begins the article talking about torment ONLY for the sparing of guiltless lives, however now, he discusses torment for safeguarding request. Does this widen up the entire case? He likewise predicts that some time or another soon numerous lives will be undermined and torment will be the best way to spare them. This expectation is bolstered by no proof what so ever and is unmistakably just to give dread to the individual understanding it. The conversation of key terms was not too bad in this article. At the point when he discusses torment the nearest depiction I found that characterize torment to Levin is: â€Å"Subjecting somebody to the most agonizing agony. † This may appear to be an incredible portrayal of what we see as torment yet the case of torment he makes reference to is â€Å"having the terminals applied†. I truly wasn’t sure what he was alluding to until I found it on the web and read that terminals are what slaughter you in the hot seat. I accept he didn't give any better case of this since it can cause a peruser to restrict of the tormenting immediately on the off chance that he talks about an increasingly grim model. Levin likewise utilizes the word moral weakness to depict permitting the demise of a huge number of guiltless lives. He works admirably by clarifying that it implies the reluctance of dirtying ones hands. As to and ethos, the creator begins facing a major challenge by presenting the subject of torment as something social orders dismiss inside and out, at that point saying he contradicts the convictions of society on that top

Saturday, August 22, 2020

What is popular culture Essay Example For Students

What is mainstream society? Article It is exceptionally hard to characterize this word, isnt it? Numerous individuals have invested a lot of energy to give meaning of this word. So as to characterize mainstream society we first need to characterize the term culture . As indicated by Raymond Williams, culture is one of the a few most muddled words in the English language. Williams proposes three principle classifications in the meaning of culture. As a matter of first importance, the perfect, wherein culture is a general procedure in human flawlessness, scholarly, profound and stylish turn of events. We could use for instance, extraordinary thinkers, craftsmen and writers (alluding just to scholarly, otherworldly and stylish factors in Western Europe). A second utilization of the word culture, the narrative, can be alluding to specific lifestyle of individuals, a period, or a gathering. These are alluded to, as social practices or lived societies, e. g. Christmas. At long last, there is the social meaning of culture which can be alluded to the works and practices of scholarly and particularly masterful exercises, for example, verse, expressive dance, film, and so forth. (Thought from Story, 1998,p. We will compose a custom exposition on What is mainstream society? explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now 2 and Story , 1994 ,p. 56) An undeniable beginning stage in characterizing mainstream society is to state that it is one broadly preferred or popular with numerous individuals. That can be demonstrated from a quantitative list would meet the endorsement of numerous individuals (Story, 1998, p. 56). We could look at deals of books, deals of CDs and video, likewise participation records at shows, games, celebrations and obviously inclinations for various TV programs. However, we may discover things are so popular that they become pointless as a reasonable meaning of mainstream society. Such tallying would in all likelihood incorporate the formally endorsed high culture which regarding book and record deals and crowd appraisals for TV performance of the works of art, can legitimate case to be mainstream in this sense. A second method of characterizing of mainstream society is to propose that it is the way of life which is left over after we have chosen what high culture is. Mainstream society turns into a leftover class, one that obliges those things which is neglected to fulfill the necessary guidelines a high culture. At the end of the day, mainstream society as inside culture. Such qualifications are regularly bolstered by claims that mainstream society is mass delivered business culture, though high culture is the consequence of an individual demonstration of creation. The division between the two is totally clear. (Story, 1998, p. 7) Moreover, there are numerous issues particularly if the division is reliant and assumed fundamental printed characteristics. Would we be able to state when mainstream society is fortunate or unfortunate? For instance, William Shakespeare is presently observed as encapsulation of high culture. In the nineteenth century he composed for the general population, for the common individuals. He was not considered as a high culture. He was well known and worked for the mainstream theater. And furthermore film noir began as well known film and is currently the protect of scholarly and film clubs. Lastly one abnegate case of social traffic moving the other way is Luciano Pavarottis recording of Puccinis Nessun Dorma. At the point when Pavarottis, in 1990, figured out how to take nassun dorma to number one in the British graphs, such business accomplishment on any quantitative examination would make the arranger, the entertainer and the tune mainstream society. A third method of characterizing mainstream society is as a mass culture it is like the past definition. The main that the individuals who allude to mainstream society as mass culture need to build up is that mainstream society is a pitifully business culture. It is mass produce for mass utilization. (Story, 1998, p. 8) . As per Fiske and Frith, 80 and 90 percent of scorches and collections lose cash. Such measurements ought to plainly raise doubt about the idea of social utilization as a programmed and inactive movement. For some social pundits, mass culture, is an imported American culture and works under the term Americanization yet two things we can say with certain. .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59 , .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59 .postImageUrl , .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59 , .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59:hover , .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59:visited , .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59:active { border:0!important; } .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59:active , .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content embellishment: underline; } .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content design: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ud07bc131e972b8be 314f1f579d4b1c59 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ud07bc131e972b8be314f1f579d4b1c59:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Fall Of The Western Roman Empire EssayFirst, as Andrew Ross stated, mainstream society has been socially and institutionally focal in American for more and in more noteworthy path than in Europe. Second that the impact of American culture overall is undoubted. Mainstream society is comprehended as gathered dream-world(Storey, 1998, p. 8). A forward definition substance that mainstream society is the way of life which starts from the individuals. This view disagrees with any methodology that demands that mainstream society is something forced upon the individuals from above.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Sample on The Guilty Mind

Sample on The Guilty Mind The Guilty Mind Mar 26, 2018 in Law The Guilty Mind in the Legal System Mens rea is a Latin word used to refer to the guilty mind. In the legal system, the term is deemed as an important aspect of crime (Hall, 2008). It is used to mean the mental aspect of crime that goes with the actus reus. Studies indicate that in some cases, actus reus and mens rea have been used interchangeably. For instance, in Australia, the aspects of federal crimes are selected as mental or fault elements (mens rea) or external or physical aspects (actus reus). Mens rea varies with the crime committed. For instance in a murder case, the mental aspects necessitate that the accused acted out of malice, and the proof is required. For arson, the intent should result to a prohibited act. This means that with mens rea, the law does not take into consideration the motive of the crime. No crime can term one as guilty, if their state of mind is not guilty. This means that, for a defendant to be charged, the crime must comprise of mens rea to some level (Hall, 2008). It is therefore true to state that, no criminal liability is attached to an individual who acted without the fault of the mind.

Sample on The Guilty Mind

Sample on The Guilty Mind The Guilty Mind Mar 26, 2018 in Law The Guilty Mind in the Legal System Mens rea is a Latin word used to refer to the guilty mind. In the legal system, the term is deemed as an important aspect of crime (Hall, 2008). It is used to mean the mental aspect of crime that goes with the actus reus. Studies indicate that in some cases, actus reus and mens rea have been used interchangeably. For instance, in Australia, the aspects of federal crimes are selected as mental or fault elements (mens rea) or external or physical aspects (actus reus). Mens rea varies with the crime committed. For instance in a murder case, the mental aspects necessitate that the accused acted out of malice, and the proof is required. For arson, the intent should result to a prohibited act. This means that with mens rea, the law does not take into consideration the motive of the crime. No crime can term one as guilty, if their state of mind is not guilty. This means that, for a defendant to be charged, the crime must comprise of mens rea to some level (Hall, 2008). It is therefore true to state that, no criminal liability is attached to an individual who acted without the fault of the mind.

Sunday, May 24, 2020

Credit Scores Helping Lenders Estimate Potential Risk Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1248 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Credit scores is a grading of an individuals ability to repay debts and arising financial obligations within a specific time limit; its an evaluation of a person or business credit worthiness. It a tool normally used by firms and business that engage in lending activities i.e. banks, mortgage firms, insurances firms and guarantors among others. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Credit Scores Helping Lenders Estimate Potential Risk Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Credit scores have enabled firms, business, banks and other lending institutions to have vital information regarding their customers creditworthiness and therefore enable them to determine the kind of loans to issue them and the level of interest that can be charged to each borrower, it also enables them to reduce risk that are associated to each of the borrower. Credit scores are normally prepared by the lenders or by independent agents on behave of persons, firms, business and various debt issues. I agree to the idea that credit scores are a fair measure that helps lenders estimate potential risk. Lenders use these scores in calculating the amount of risk that are imminent; they also use it to minimize the level of risk and do evaluate who is eligible for a loan and at what level of interest. Lenders are in an aim of maximizing profit, and for this objective to be achieved, it is dependent on the amount of funds that have been borrowed. Lenders now are faced with dilemma; they have to lend much to earn more, but this objective is subject to the potential risk from borrowers they he have to use credit scores to evaluate which among the customers can bring much revenue, the use of scores before allowing one assess loan is a way of minimizing risk. An important function of credit scores is ensuring that those who borrow loans have the ability to repay as it due and therefore evaluate the confidence level a lender has on the borrower. According to Kerr Duncan (2008) individuals credit worthiness can be known through various aspects including the stock exchange market, financial records and transactions between other players in the credit sector, it is then used in projection of ones behavior in the future. An individuals credit score is an outcome of the various successive independent evaluation of his or her ability to meet outstanding obligations within the set time; it considers borrowing and repayment records, assets and liabilities held by a business. Information is derived from ones history financially to forecast how the same individual is likely to replicate the same in future. It is noted credit scores of persons keep changing either to betterment or otherwise depending on ones economical situations. Credit scores has been a better tool in dealing with the risk faced by lenders, it provide a better solution to the future risk in that most lenders will be having records of every borrower and their scores. It enable lenders determine the appropriate loans and the corresponding interest rates that can be offered to a borrower. Borrowers with poor scores will be avoided or if they are accepted their interest rates shall be punitive to gather for the high risk associated with them. Borrowers can improve their credit scores by paying the arising obligation on loans on time, ensuring that credit balance on credit cards are low and paying off debt rather that shifting them between credit cards. If one always pays his debt obligation within the credit period then he or she is likely to have a favorable credit score. With a good credit score one is likely to have favors from lenders i.e. risk against the lenders will be that low and the borrower can have relatively low finance charges. If an individuals credit score is poor may be because he or she normally defaults or meet arising obligations late, he or she is more likely to have unfavorable terms of credit, to the lender the risk is high and more likely to place high finance charges or even deny the borrower fully. For the credit scores to be more effective tool, methodologies used in calculating needs to be clearly spelt out. It should be noted out that the main role of credit scores is to criticizes and provide useful financial information on individuals, businesses and corporations that can be used to predict the future defaults and therefore averts damage. Credit scores firms need to be flexible and fit to the changing independent market. Kerr (2008) has that independent credit firms must flex to avoid market turmoil, and that credit score firms should develop and use models that touches all the necessary variables making the score. Firms owe to use comprehensive models to ensure the cases of defaults are reduced significantly. To ensure that credit scores are effective credit score firms themselves need to be effective and relevant to the point; they owe to continuously reform themselves to be at par with the dynamic financial market and hence the need to review the methods of calculating credit scores. In order to ensure that credit rating firms are effective in their scores, they should be held liable and accountable to the lending institutions, they can either take the whole liability or to the extent to which they are liable. There are several ways of evaluating a credit score and one famous is FICO- initially called Fair Isaac Corporation. FICO is used by most lending firms to evaluate the possibility that a customer will default. Research as proved scores as predictive in dealing with risk and uncertainty of borrowers; it has shown that most credit consumers have gained from the lower finance cost from credit firms merely due to credit scores. Although there have been critics to the credit rating firms, they are playing an important role ensuring that lending institutions get the valued information. At times the firms developing the credit score use outdated models that do not capture the current changing trends in financial markets therefore placing the lending institutions at risk. Such models have to be reviewed and developed to catch up with the new markets. In some situations credit firms have been said to collude with borrowers to defraud the lenders, such cases have to be dealt with accordingly to ensure such practices do not deter the objectives of credit scores. Even though many lenders use the FICO scores while making decisions on lending, they dont feel satisfied thus they employ their own strategy including evaluating the amount of risk associated with certain products, no unitary score is purely used but several are combine to meet a firms expectation. In conclusion credit scores are a fair measure in estimating potential risk from defaulters, as its seen; its contributing largely to the development of the lending institutions, boosting the confidence of those investing in the credit sphere. Credit scores minimizes the chances of future risk based on just scores but the same scores do not explicitly say that an individual is good or bad. With the shortage posed by the scores, it can be improved by developing a credit model that is effective and relevant in all the sectors and that can greatly help improve in averting defaults. The availability of scores has enable banks to know who qualify to have a loan and what amount at what level of interest rate. It seen also that credit scoring is beyond banks to consumer credit and landlords. The scores have seen firms come together and share information on customer creditworthiness and therefore it can be said that credit scores have been helpful in fighting risk.

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Informative Speech The History of Pluto Essay - 1108 Words

Informative Speech: The History of Pluto Specific Purpose Statement: By the end of my speech my audience will be able to explain the history behind Pluto becoming a planet and in turn losing its planetary status. INTRODUCTION: Attention Getter: Growing up learning about the planets my first grade teacher told me, â€Å"My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nine Pies† was a way to remember the order of the planets. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto. Apparently now teachers teach it as, â€Å"My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nachos†. Come on what happened to pies, personally I prefer pies over nachos. Thesis Statement: With the advances in technology, scientist have opened the door to the discovery of Pluto,†¦show more content†¦Astronomer Clyde Tombaugh is the man credited for the actual discovery of â€Å"Planet X†. Nola Taylor Redd a contributor to Space.com in an article title Clyde Tombaugh: Astronomer Who Discovered Pluto writes, â€Å"When Tombaugh was hired in 1929, he joined the search for the missing planet. The telescope at the observatory was equipped with a camera that would take two photographs of the sky on different days. A device known as a blink compactor rapidly flipped back and forth between the two photographs. Stars and galaxies essentially remained unmoving in the images, but anything closer could be visually identified by its motion across the sky†. b. Jennifer Rosenberg in her article Pluto Discovered writes, â€Å"It took a year of detailed, painstaking work, but Tombaugh did find Planet X. The discovery occurred on February 18, 1930 while Tombaugh was carefully examining a set of photographic plates created by the telescope†. Tombaugh officially announced the discovery of the ninth planet on March 13, 1930. Internal Summary/Preview: After discussing the discovery of â€Å"Planet X† through the beliefs of Percival Lowell and the actual finding done by Clyde Tombaugh, we will shift to discussing how â€Å"Planet X† got the name Pluto. II. Upon discovering the new planet which was referred to as â€Å"Planet X† the staff at Lowell Observatory opened up the rights to naming the this new planetary object to the public. A. Eleven year old Venetia Burney Phair from England had suggested the nameShow MoreRelatedThe Rise of Politically Partisan Infotainment2039 Words   |  9 PagesFox News: The Rise of Politically Partisan Infotainment Consumers now have access to more information than in any other point in history, and are being subjected to partisan news on a larger scale than ever before. Partisan news outlets, such as Fox News and MSNBC tailor their broadcasts to appeal to the confirmation bias of their target audiences. Each network not only chooses which stories to run based on the interest of their target demographic, but also frames the facts in a way that leadsRead More Myth of Propaganda in the Balkans and Rwanda Essay6707 Words   |  27 Pagespretty easy to persuade the first group to kill the other†¦ for the sake of protection. The most effective way for the governments in the Balkans and in Rwanda to inspire fear and move their followers towards murder was to call upon the power of history and create tenable myths that could inspire intense nationalism and feelings of ethnic superiority. In his discussion about the function of myth, George Schà ¶pflin says that the political and intellectual elites of a society— those who control theRead MoreA Short History of Nearly Everything6112 Words   |  25 PagesA Short History of Nearly Everything is a popular science book by American author Bill Bryson that explains some areas of science, using a style of language which aims to be more accessible to the general public than many other books dedicated to the subject. It was one of the bestselling popular science books of 2005 in the UK, selling over 300,000 copies.[1] instead describing general sciences such as chemistry, paleontology, astronomy, and particle physics. In it, he explores time from the BigRead MoreA Short History of Nearly Everything6112 Words   |  25 PagesA Short History of Nearly Everything is a popular science book by American author Bill Bryson that explains some areas of science, using a style of language which aims to be more accessible to the general public than many other books dedicated to the subject. It was one of the bestselling popular science books of 2005 in the UK, selling over 300,000 copies.[1] instead describing general sciences such as chemistry, paleontology, astronomy, and particle physics. In it, he explores time from the

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Economic Impact Of Terrorism On Terrorism - 1645 Words

Economic Impact of Terrorism Micheal Bonnett Govt/480 December 8, 2014 Thomas Brown Abstract The impact on the economy from terrorist attacks affects everyone in our country and ones we do trade with on a daily bases. When terrorist attack countries they are trying to disrupt the economy and excite fear in as many people as possible to meet the needs of what the terrorist group is looking to achieve. Without a definitive definition on what terrorism is it will continue to adapt and change as time goes on. The cost of protecting Americans from possible terrorist activity is extremely expensive and many agencies cannot afford the equipment to ensure extra precaution is taken to protect citizens. Economic Impact on Terrorism Micheal Bonnett Liberty University The economic impact of terrorism and how it effects a stable economy after a terrorist attack has occurred. â€Å"Terrorist attacks create real losses for society† (Stinson, 2007, p. 145). A terrorist attack can have a positive or negative impact on a financially stable economy depending on the type of attack which occurred and the amount of damage the attack created. â€Å"Quantifying those losses is a sobering, but important task since it provides vital information for policymakers to use as they choose how to allocate scarce public and private sector resources† (Stinson, 2007, p. 145). The financial impact of terrorism was seen during the post 9/11 attacks due to the WorldShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Terrorism On Economic Development And Reducing The Level Of Industrialization Essay1533 Words   |  7 PagesCourse: Date: Introduction Terrorism has proved its negative impacts on the economy of the country by retarding the economic development and reducing the level of industrialization. Terrorism can be defined as countries interference by use of ruthless means which can be as a result of political or religious struggles. Civilian enforcement is a term employed in the America to refer to the police. Police officers play a significant role in the process of fighting terrorism. In order to realize the roleRead MoreA Second Stream Of Management Research On Terrorism1460 Words   |  6 PagesA second stream of management research on terrorism has explored firm readiness and the performance impact of such preparation. In particular, several authors have examined the relationship between business continuity planning and the mitigation of the impact from unanticipated disasters such as terrorism (Cerullo Cerullo, 2004; Zsidisin, Melnyk, Ragatz, 2005). According to Cerullo and Cerrullo (2004), there is clear evidence f rom past catastrophes that international businesses without businessRead MoreTerrorism And Its Effects On The World And Society1385 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent definitions of terrorism. Terrorism is mostly associated with murder and killings by a certain religious group. It would mostly target a certain group of people or politics. Terrorism started with radical ideas of a certain party and it would slowly grow into an organization. America is not the only country who had experienced terrorism. There is Northern Ireland, Africa, China, and other countries as well. There has been one central main point about terrorism, that it would kill many civiliansRead MoreAfter The Attacks Of September The Eleventh On The United1402 Words   |  6 Pagesstring of similar attacks and suicide bombings all around the world that terrorism has become a major threat to our planet. With the help of the media in dramatizing these attacks, fear of terror has become a major concern to people around t he world. Terrorism has somehow played a major role in shaping our world in the twenty first century and the past decade. Some of the unimportant but time consuming effects of terrorism on the average person are the long security queues at airport that god onlyRead More`` Inside Terrorism `` By Bruce Hoffman879 Words   |  4 Pagesnever read a book titled â€Å"Inside Terrorism† written by Bruce Hoffman. In his book Bruce Hoffman defines terrorism as â€Å"the deliberate creation and exploitation of fear through violence or the threat of violence in the pursuit of political change.† The United States does not have the luxury of kicking back and watching from the sidelines the war against terrorism take place. Currently the USA is not only involved in but is one of the prime combatants against terrorism in the following wars: War inRead MoreEnergy Sanctions Case Study1248 Words   |  5 Pagesincreased United States sanctions. These sanctions are often used to enfo rce laws or certain ideas. The Office of Economic Sanctions Policy and Implementation (SPI) â€Å"enforces and maintains sanctions in order to maximize their economic impact on target but minimizing the damage to U.S. economic interest†. Energy sanctions are often implemented for reasons including human rights issues, terrorism exportation, and national aggression. Sanctions can be put on a country by just the United Sates or InternationallyRead MoreImpact of Terrorism in Pakistan1628 Words   |  7 PagesImpact of Terrorism in Pakistan In lieu of unlawful violence to inculcate fear and increase coercion, terrorism has become a trending topic in the world today. Pakistan, a country in South Asia bordered by Afghanistan and India has been a country worthy of speculation due to the rate of terrorism and tribal wars that have quickly taken over the country. The sporadic effects of these attacks have begun to shatter what used to be one of Asia’s fastest growing economies. Impact on GDP Pakistan’sRead MoreTerrorism : Terrorism And Terrorism1586 Words   |  7 Pagesand writers are writing about the biggest threats of the world. Several reports are also made to understand the recent global threats. In order to write something about the recent global threats, one word comes to our mind that is terrorism. Terrorism is related extremism, as terrorist people are extremists in their belief. Biggest terrorist group like ISIS is also an Islamic extremist group. In these years we have observed shameful actions in the name of religion. Conflicts between religiousRead Morewar and terrorism833 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿P3: Outline the terrorism methods used by key terrorist organisations Terrorism is an act that threatens or carries out violence with the intention to disrupt, kill or coerce against a body or nation in order to impose will. This means that a lot of groups use this method to get what they want. The groups use a variety of methods, groups such as: Al Qaeda, who mainly use suicide bombing methods, this is good, because it means there are lots of deaths. This leads to scare and forcing the GovernmentRead MoreTerrorism And International Business Research1130 Words   |  5 PagesSadly, terrorism permeates everyday society, and the intensifying impact of terrorism on international business is a global phenomenon with heightening implications for both theory and practice. This research paper is a novel exploratory study of how international businesses apply past terrorism exposure and experience from operating in risky locations to create organizational preparedness and performance resilience to endure future terrorist attacks. The unique firm level research provides a theoretical

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Taoism Essay Research Paper Taoism applied to free essay sample

Taoism Essay, Research Paper Taoism applied to mundane life # 8220 ; Practice not-doing and everything will fall into topographic point # 8221 ; . In Taoism this is the construct known as # 8220 ; wu wei # 8221 ; . Wu Wei is the pattern of making and not-doing. This construct comes from the theory of the Yin and Yang. The Yang, along with Wei, is the pattern of making. The Yin, along with Wu Wei, is the pattern of not-doing. One compliments the other, and each can non be entirely. The Tao tells people to pattern not-doing because it will convey felicity in their life. By not-doing, the Tao means non performing actions, which are unneeded and uncalled for. Peoples should merely take things as they come in life and they will populate a life full of felicity and pleasance. If you don # 8217 ; t interfere with the Tao and allow things take their natural class, everything will work out in your life. We will write a custom essay sample on Taoism Essay Research Paper Taoism applied to or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page # 8220 ; If powerful work forces and adult females could stay centered in the Tao all people would be at peace If you work against your Tao, you will neer happen felicity. The Sage patterns wu Wei. He teaches without words and performs without actions. He knows and hence does non talk. Many people mistake conceptual cognition for the map to the district. The Sage is our map to the Tao. He points his finger to demo us the manner, but does non truly state us what to make and how to pattern Taoism. Lao Tzu # 8217 ; s constructs of the Tao can be a usher to rational life. If one follows these beliefs he is guaranteed felicity in his life. However, it is really hard to follow the Tao, even though the instructions are said to be easy understood and easy put into pattern. The ground the Tao is so hard to hold on is because you can non cognize that you are practising it. The Tao is beyond all words. If you give it words, it does non be. It is unnamable. If you concentrate on the Tao, you will neer understand it. You can non believe about it, you must merely make it. This is really hard because people ever think about what they do, but this does non work with the Tao. You can non look for the Tao ; you can non listen for the Tao. You must merely accept the thought that it is ever at that place, omnipresent, and you can # 8217 ; t see it. This is all really of import because if one can non understand these first simple stairss in Taoism, they will be lost the remainder of the manner. In personal life, you should neer specify yourself. When you define yourself, you are really seting bounds on yourself. If a adult male defines himself as a physician, he is restricting himself to science. If a adult male defines himself as a vocalist, he is restricting himself to music. By restricting yourself, you are non leting yourself to see life to the full. Besides, you should neer specify any object because they will ever hold an antonym. If you define something as # 8220 ; good # 8221 ; so its antonym is defined as # 8220 ; bad # 8221 ; , when in world it might non be. When a adult male is about to purchase a auto, he will desire to purchase a company with a # 8220 ; good name # 8221 ; . He has defined one auto as # 8220 ; good # 8221 ; and the remainder are # 8220 ; bad # 8221 ; . When he realizes he can non afford the # 8220 ; good # 8221 ; auto he is unhappy. He has to purchase a # 8220 ; bad # 8221 ; auto. While driving his # 8220 ; bad # 8221 ; auto, he thinks about what people will state. He worries that they will non O.K. of his new purchase. If the adult male had non originally set such high outlooks of purchasing a # 8220 ; good # 8221 ; auto, he would non be upset with his state of affairs. By caring about other people # 8217 ; s blessing he becomes their # 8220 ; prisoner # 8221 ; . If you see things as they are, so you will be happy with whatever you have. If you see things through other’s eyes then you will never achieve the high goals you are setting. â€Å"In family life, be completely present†. All family members should always be there for each other. You should be completely present for the rest of your family, this way other members can talk to you whenever necessary. This gives a sense of security to the rest of the family. Parents should always be there for their children, children should always be there for their parents, and siblings should always be there for each other. â€Å"Because (the Sage) has nothing to prove, people can trust his words†. The Sage and the parental figures of a family should have this in common. Parents have nothing to prove to their children and therefore children always believe what their parents tell them. Parents do not have to impress their children and can therefore set an example. If parents cannot have this connection with their children, there is a guarantee of failure in the family. â₠¬Å"In work, do what you enjoy†. Most people hate their job. If you like what you do, you can wake up every morning with a smile, looking forward to the day of work that lies ahead of you. At your job you should not try to hold all the power. By not trying to be powerful, you are truly powerful. Also, in you work you cannot chase after money. You must do your work because you like it, not because you want the money. If you chase after money â€Å"your heart will never unclench†. When you have no desire for the money, you are at peace. You must â€Å"be content with what you have, rejoice in the way things are†. You mustn’t expect too much because you will never get what you want. â€Å"When you realize there is nothing lacking, the whole world belongs to you†. â€Å"In governing, don’t try to control†. As a leader, it is best if the people hardly know that you exist. As a leader, you must not be bossy and try to have all the power becau se the people will hate you and will not obey you. You must lead, not control. By pointing people in the right direction you are helping them. By telling them where to go, you aren’t letting them think for themselves. The best leader listens to their people. As a leader you must govern with tolerance and you must not have high expectations of your people because you will never get what you expect. You must govern a country with moderation for the best results. If you have weapons, your people will be insecure. If you have laws, your people will break them. If you do not desire common good it will become as â€Å"common as grass†. If a nation does not get involved with the affairs of others, it will be well respected by all other nations. â€Å"If you over esteem great men, people become powerless. If you overvalue possessions, people begin to steal†. Society should not define things because bad things will happen. If you overvalue possessions it is obvious that people will steal them because they are worth something to society. If everything had none or equal value, no one would steal anything because nothing would be more important than everything else. This is an extreme suggestion however, it is the only way for society to come together as a whole and have no one steal from others. â€Å"Let the Tao become present in your life and you will become genuine. Let it be present in your family and your family will flourish. Let it be present in your country and your country will be an example to all countries in the world. Let it be present in the universe and the universe will sing.†

Sunday, April 5, 2020

Girl, Interrupted Review Essay Example

Girl, Interrupted Review Paper Essay on Girl, Interrupted You ever been in a madhouse (speaking correctly: in a psychiatric hospital)? I was. I have a loved one who periodically need to be treated in this institution. I did go to see if there is. No one would not wish to be in a place like that even as a visitor: wild-eyed, vacant look too interested glances, pleading for help, hoping to see their loved ones looks alone, tens or even hundreds. Of course, I have not seen everything. I saw only those who are not afraid to look into my eyes. And there are others: those who are easier to stay within yourself, not getting out to the outside. Probably the most difficult with them. They already do not need anyone Susanna Kaysen showed different patients:. Described them as abnormal cases, woven into their lives. The book is autobiographical. Suzanne herself spent two years in a psychiatric hospital, and the book describes himself and his stay there. Probably, because its all too close to me, I read with difficulty. I remembered what I saw in reality, and the perception of the book come to life. It was getting scary, and sometimes unbearably painful. And remembers the views I do not want to offend anyone, but for those who have not seen it in person, do not imagine. Not imagine how my father came to visit him and says he can not sleep because there is no one to wish good night. Not imagine how her husband came to his wife, who is madly in love, and she looks at him hating sight and accuses that he was imprisoned her to this place. Not imagine how children come to visit my mother, and she was his incoherent speech scares them We will write a custom essay sample on Girl, Interrupted Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Girl, Interrupted Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Girl, Interrupted Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Do not read these books: no need to let you know it all! Let your life be just a little happier. Girl, Interrupted Review Essay Example Girl, Interrupted Review Paper Essay on Girl, Interrupted His amateur record of the read start with the fact that the abstract of this book led me to a complete fallacy. Somehow, taking as a basis the views already read the work of people, it seemed to me that the product will be entirely devoted to psychiatry. That it will be a kind of artistic vision, drawing a clear parallel between madness and sanity. But, alas, my expectations were met only by a third Susanna Kaysen presented to us only an artistic look. Although, maybe its for the best. Sometimes it is better not to take up topics that are not able to develop fully. If you speak directly about the work, it stated parallel universe here serves as a certain background that adds emotion written. No, of course, there are also thoughts and actions, and diagnoses of patients a single psychiatric hospital, but the basis it is the main character and its attempts to continue living, even in a place where there is no life at all. And for those sensual descriptions of experiences is a big plus and thanks to the author. But, to my regret, this advantages of this work come to an end. Further, I note two significant disadvantages, which prevented me to fully enjoy this book. The first is incoherent language. I did not have the narrative logic. And the second the lack of disclosure of the chosen topic in its entirety. We see characters with obvious mental disorders, but the emphasis is the author went to the emotions experienced by the characters, rather than the causes of most of these emotions. Perhaps that is why this work can be estimated at three poin ts out of five. We will write a custom essay sample on Girl, Interrupted Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Girl, Interrupted Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Girl, Interrupted Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer All interested, enjoy your reading!

Sunday, March 8, 2020

Essay on Operations and Strategy of Financial Institutions part 2

Essay on Operations and Strategy of Financial Institutions part 2 Essay on Operations and Strategy of Financial Institutions part 2 Essay on Operations and Strategy of Financial Institutions part 2Essay on Operations and Strategy of Financial Institutions part  1Regardless of the separation, there have always been significant management mistakes: Northern Rock had long real estate commitments financed with very short-term resources which suddenly dried up following the subprime crisis; as regards investment banks, they had excessively developed operations that turned out to be toxic (Larosiere, 2012). Such dangerous operations and policies do not depend on the specialisation and, thus, the separation can hardly prevent banks from conducting such risky operations and policies.Effects of the separation of the retail banking from the investment bankingTherefore, the separation of the retail banking from investment banking leading to the narrow specialisation of banks does not really mean the prevention of risks. For example, if the retail business of a bank starts stumbling, the investment business of the bank can help it to compensate losses and maintain the stable marketing performance of the bank or, vice versa, problems in the investment business may be compensated by the steady growth in the retail business.In this regard, it is possible to refer to the recommendation of experts that directors should be primarily responsible for ensuring their bank was implementing the ringfence (Moulds, 2012). But regulators should police compliance and punish any bank found to be in breach by requiring that bank to hold extra capital (Moulds, 2012).  However, such recommendation implies the government regulation that may be not enough to prevent crisis. Instead, the crisis may be prevented through responsible policies and avoidance of risky policies.The separation may have a considerable impact on the profitability and performance of banks, such as Northern Rock. The separation will prevent the bank from the opportunity to diversify its business and, thus, expand its market through the development o f the investment business. Instead, the bank will remain constrained within its retail business. Such limitation will restrict marketing opportunities for the bank to increase its market share and enter new markets as well as existing ones with investment instruments and projects that can increase the profitability of the bank and enhance its marketing performance. Instead, the bank will be doomed to focus on its retail business solely, which has already put the bank on the edge of survival. The shift toward investment banking would be too risky for Northern Rock at the moment.However, to understand possible effects of the separation, it is possible to refer to the application of this strategy in the past, for instance, in the US during the Great Depression. In the late 1920s, the split of the retail banking from investment banking resulted in the decrease of the amount of capital available for investment banking (Casserley, 2014). Moreover, in 1929 the capital of the securities aff iliates of National City and Chase National alone amounted to over $220 million (Casserley, 2014). Ten years later the total capital of the eight largest investment banks was a mere $75 million (Casserley, 2014).In fact, the separation of the retail banking from the investment banking may lead to the overall downturn in the business and economic development that will have a negative impact on the bank’s performance and profitability. In such a situation, the bank is likely to face considerable problems with the accelerated business development and stable growth since the decline of investments, which had been traced during the Great Depression after the attempt of the separation. The slow economic growth and low capitalization of investment banks will have a negative impact on retail banks too because the lack of investments will discourage the growth in the retail banking too since economic or business activities will be low.RecommendationsThe introduction of the separation of the retail banking from the investment banking will not bring consistent changes and qualitative improvements in the performance of Northern Rock, which is now run by Virgin Money, as well as other banks. The problem is not the lack of separation, since the bank was specialised on the retail banking solely before the crisis had struck. Instead, it was the risky policies conducted by the bank and its ineffective management that eventually triggered the downturn in the bank’s development, which were aggravated and fully revealed by the global financial crisis.Furthermore, it is possible to suggest considering the enhancement of the government regulation rather than separation of the retail banking from the investment banking. The government should not restrict business opportunities for banks but increase the regulation making stricter requirements to the bank. Strict requirements will discourage banks from too risky operations and decisions.The bank should focus on the opti misation of its performance rather than separation of the retail from investment operations. For example, the bank should get rid of the risky assets and focus on secure operations along with the attraction of customers, who can help to overcome current difficulties and regain its competitive position in the market. Northern Rock can count on the support of Virgin Money so far but the wise and effective customer relations management along with reasonable financial policies oriented on minimisation of risks is the worth implementing strategy, even if the price the bank has to pay will be low profitability. The bank will stabilise its performance in several years, optimize its operations and assets and, thus, create the ground for the further growth.In addition, the bank should come prepared that the proposal to separate its retail business from the investment one will not bring positive effects on its profitability and performance. The diversification of its operations through the de velopment of the investment department could help the bank to become the universal bank and enhance its performance. The profitability would likely remain low because such changes of bank’s operations are costly. However, in a long-run, the bank could partially secure its assets and marketing performance through such diversification, when the bank confronts the problem of the external impact, but not internal ones as was the case of Northern Rock in 2007-2008.ConclusionThus, the introduction of the separation of the retail banking from the investment banking will hardly bring consistent improvements to the performance and profitability of Northern Rock Bank. Moreover, this decision will hardly be able to prevent the crisis in the banking industry. The separation focuses on the strict control over the banking industry, which is of little help for Northern Rock as well as other banks. Hence, the separation is unlikely to increase the profitability and improve the performance of Northern Rock. On the contrary, this policy can trigger the downturn in the development of the banking industry and this policy can have a negative impact on Northern Rock Bank.

Friday, February 21, 2020

The hells nature debate Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The hells nature debate - Research Paper Example The debate about the nature of hell is covered in consideration of three main aspects about hell: the duration of hell; the main reason for hell and finally the felling in hell (is the feeling experienced in a state of consciousness or unconsciousness) From this point of view; it is definitely clear that hell’s nature is far much more complicated to understand that one could easily think. As a matter of fact, with the rising of new knowledge each and everyday, it becomes very confusing as to what exactly is hell made up of. This paper approaches the topic of the nature of hell with much criticism so as to clearly analyze two main approaches that are used in an attempt to explain the nature of what is believed to be hellii. In doing effectively doing this, the classical view and the annihilationist view about hell have been critically analyzed with their strengths and weaknesses being closely assessed against the benchmark offered by the Biblical explanations about the nature o f hell. Classical View Despite the fact that the classical view regarding the nature of hell is mostly pegged on the Biblical teachings, it is very important to take note of the fact that the classical view explaining the nature of hell has different versions which are mainly differentiated as per the interpretations that arise from the Biblical teachings regarding hell. The first version is the literal view of hell’s nature. ... Hells nature will be so rough according to this version that the people who will be damned to be in hell will be forever having regrets of their lives. They will be wishing that they move out but on realizing that hell has no way out, and then it will forever be an eternal psychological suffering to them. From this interpretation, it can be clarified that hell is actually a place with only the way in but it totally has no way out. This is due to the fact that the people who will be damned to be suffering in this place will be wishing that they repent their sins and move out but all this will be in vain as they would be damned to stay in the place eternally. The second version is the psychological interpretation of the Biblical teachings. This version sharply contradicts with the initial interpretation as it argues that the nature of hell ought not to be literally taken from the Biblical teachings. On the contrary, this version sees the darkness and fires that are used to describe the nature of hell as merely symbols and metaphors that are strategically used to depict the suffering that is in helliv. The fundamental argument that is used by the proponents of this line of thought is the fact that human beings were made by God. It is therefore in their nature that whatever they desire most is to be with God eternally. Once this aspect is withdrawn then humans are bound to suffer (endure hell’s nature-withdrawal form God’s presence). According to this version, the nature of hell is therefore basically total withdrawal from the presence of God eternally. The darkness and fires that are used o describe the tough nature of hell simply

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Photochemistry of Ruthenium Complexes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Photochemistry of Ruthenium Complexes - Essay Example In packed systems, this will lead to two events: the transfer of excitation energy or the transfer of the electron itself to a neighboring complex that has a lower energy level. Eventually, the series of reactions will result in the production of NADPH and ATP. The net photochemical reaction involves the splitting of water, which is the ultimate electron donor, to  ½ O2, 2H+ and 2 electrons (summarized in Mathews and Van Holde). The photochemical reaction in photosynthesis was the basis for developing inorganic systems that can make use of the high potential of solar energy. This is especially important now that supply of fossil fuels like gasoline and diesel is affected by political, climate and environmental events. The recent erratic changes in price and supply coupled with the high demand for fossil fuels increased the search for renewable and cheap sources of energy. Sunlight is free and harnessing solar energy is one of the main objectives for developing photochemical technologies. In this context, ruthenium complexes have very important roles to play. Ruthenium complexes have long been studied for their many uses in the energy, chemical and lately, in the medical industry. Ruthenium (Ru) is a rare transition metal which falls under the platinum group in the periodic table of elements. Its atomic number is 44, and has oxidation states ranging from -2 to +8 but the most common are +2, +3 and +4. In its elemental state, ruthenium is easily oxidized by air to form ruthenium oxide, RuO4. It does not react with acids but easily reacts with bases and halogens. Small amounts of Ru are added to platinum, palladium, gold and titanium to produce hard and tarnish-resistant alloys. Ruthenium, as part of an alloy or when complexed with other compounds, is also utilized in other applications like catalytic reactions, electrolytic protection, optic sensors, microelectronics, organic and polymer synthesis (Dragutan and Dragutan), anti-cancer agents

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

Global Food Production Challenges

Global Food Production Challenges Introduction It has been observed that In spite of the fact that the food production has increased almost twice in the last few decades, but there are people who are insecure of the food conditions and do not get enough nutritious food to eat (Wu et al. 2011). As per the world population data the people who do not get adequate nutritious food to eat has reached to the extent of 870 million in 2013 (FAO et al. 2013), also it has been stated that, by the end of 2050, food production globally has to increase by 70 to 100 percent so that the total world population can had nutritious food to eat. (Bruinsma, 2009; Parry and Hawkesford, 2010; Zhu et al., 2010) It is also necessary that preventive steps are to be taken so as to reduce the global warming and greenhouse effect and ozone depletion. Population History and growth As per the UN population prospects, the population of world is expected to grow by 34 percent from 6.8 billion to 9.1 billion in 2050, so this increase in the population is the main reason for increased demand of the food. Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat (2007) It has also been noted that China and India, are the worlds most populated countries, both are bhaving more than 1 billion inhabitants; each has sustained once a year gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate over 10 years ago that is among the worlds highest — 9 percent for China and 7 percent for India. As per the National Defense Research Institute (2011) although the population of India is lesser than that of china, but at the present scenario population growth of India is 1.55 percent yearly more than double Chinas 0.66 percent. It has been estimated that by 2025, the total population of India will be equal to that of China thus making India most populous country in the world. Also it has been noted that the population of India will continue to increase till 2050, while the population of China is expected to peak at about 1.4 billion in 2026 and will de-grow after that . (Figure 1) Figure Total Population Sizes, China and India, 2000–2035 ( http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9598/index1.html ). Global Food systems Global food systems consist of production and supply of foods and its consumption.  Figure 2 describes the overview of this food system. On the basis of the national level, supply is basically a function of national production and imports minus exports. The difference between supply and consumption is the gap caused by losses in the food chain. Global food system Figure 2:  http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195666310005118 Global food Production In the year 1961, FAO gave information on the annual market supply to all the countries in world, for the production of agricultural commodities. (Gerbens-Leenes, 2010). Global Food Consumption: Food consumption patterns are the repeated arrangements of consumption, characterized by types and quantities of food items and their combination in dishes and meals, (Gerbens-Leenes Nonverbal, 2010). Food consumption pattern is based on certain factors like availability, tradition, culture and income effects. Land degradation Land degradation is basically temporary or permanent decline in ecosystem function and productive capacity. It can be destruction or deterioration in health of terrestrial ecosystems, which affects the biodiversity, natural ecological processes and ecosystem resilience, it can also reduce the biological/economic productivity and complexity of croplands, pasture, woodland, forest, etc. This can result to numerous factors like anthropogenic (human-related) activities such as unsustainable land management practices and climatic variations. The accelerated degradation is normally linked with human alteration of the environment. Degradation process can be deforestation and desertification. There are different cause for the degradation of land and they are soil erosion by wind or water, natural conditions, topography, weather/climatic conditions, high intensity rainfall, natural hazards, unsustainable agricultural practices, habitat alteration. (http://www.cyen.org/innovaeditor/assets/Land degradation module.pdf) Land desertification Desertification is one of the most serious environmental problems on a global scale. It is a biophysical edaphic, climatic and geographical feature of the region Ying zhong XIE, (2014). Desertification is basically the degradation of dry land ecosystems by variations in climate and human activities. Worldwide desertification has affected the life of millions of people who depend on the dry land ecosystem. It has been observed that the dry lands are because of the shortage of the water. Thus, desertification is one of the main environmental threat today and a barrier to basic human needs in dry lands. As per (Jason P, 2012) the pervasive but untested desertification redistribution is because of loss of grass cover, this can have global relevance for human-environmental systems which can be at risk due to current or potential desertification. Agriculture Disease Measurement of Disease and Its Effect on Yield Plant diseases are those that either kill the plant or reduce the ability of a plant to survive, produce flowers or fruit. They are caused by micro-organisms normally referred to as pathogens; which include fungi, bacteria and viruses, although it is very difficult to measure the severity of plant disease. There are certain diseases but major plants disease include in which the leaves are not shaped properly; the symptoms cannot be identified and they can be from a few isolated lesions to also collapsing of the entire plant. Moreover there is no relationship between measures of symptoms and the failure to reach achievable yields . Thus it has been observed that the measurement of yield is highly controversial. However, the relation of plant disease to yield is not be very clear and it will need some proper measurement. (annualreviews,2014) Global Water Crisis It has been noted that because of shortage of water supply there has been a decline in irrigation. Water is very important and is used for crop cultivation in all regions of the world.( Hanjara and Qureshi , 2010). There has been seen an increased competition for water resources among all the sectors, regions and countries. Moreover 40% of the populations in the world live in regions that directly compete for water resources. Water is very important for irrigation, drinking and for other things thus water is very important. A major concern to maintaining future water supplies is the continuing over-draft of surface and groundwater resources. As a result, there is decline in available surface water and groundwater for irrigation. It has been observed that climatic change has an impact on the global food security and change in water and food supply. Moreover this change in the Climate can affect the production of agriculture and food security by altering the distribution of rainfall, and also the availability of water, land, capital, biodiversity and terrestrial resources. Furthermore, this change in the climate will also have an adverse impact on food and crop productivity, which can affect food security ( Hanjara and Qureshi, 2010). It has also been seen that the global warming can increase yields which can be due to negative effect of fertilizer, by rising presence of carbon di oxide present in the atmosphere, but this can have a negative impact on poor countries. Greenhouse effect on Carbon dioxide An increased level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is the main reason for increase in the global warming. As per certain studies at the Carnegie Institution for Science, in some regions more than a quarter of the warming result from increased carbon dioxide it is due to its direct impact on vegetation. Thus this increase in temperature and also an increase in the carbon dioxide levels have a heat-trapping greenhouse gas. For scientists trying to predict global climate change in the coming century, the study underscores the importance of including plants in their climate models. Plants during the photosynthesis take carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere, but they also have some other effects, like change in the rate of evaporation from the land surface. Thus the effect of carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas have been well known as pointed out by Caldeira. Moreover there is no doubt that carbon dioxide decreases evaporative cooling by plants and that this decreased cooling adds to gl obal warming. Greenhouse effect of higher temperature The greenhouse effect is basically when the short-wave solar radiation heats the surface of the Earth, and this energy is radiated back through the Earths atmosphere as heat, radiations of wavelengths 5-30 µm is absorbed by water vapourand carbon dioxide, which in turn radiate it, thus heating the atmosphere and land and ocean surface. This happens on its own and is natural and this is what is the reason that keeps the Earth habitable. Greenhouse keeps the average surface temperature would be about minus 18 °C, which is same as on the moon. There is a difference of some 33 °C substantially to natural levels of water vapour (60%, or more including clouds) and carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere. In respect to enhancing the greenhouse effect, the particular issue is focused in the 8-18 µm band where water vapour is a weak absorber of radiation and where the Earths thermal radiation is greatest. As methane is stronger greenhouse gas because it has more atoms in the molecule than CO2. The radioactive effect is caused by infrared absorption, and molecules with more atoms absorb more infrared energy. IR absorption is by the electrons that bond between atoms in a molecule and the way those atoms vibrate. Greenhouse effect to Climate variability This graph, based on the comparison of atmospheric samples contained in ice cores and more recent direct measurements, provides evidence that atmospheric CO2has increased since the Industrial Revolution: (http://www.globalissues.org/article/233/climate-change-and-global-warming-introduction#TheclimatehasalwaysvariedinthepastHowisthisanydifferent) Increase in Pests And Disease As per a report in the journal Science in June 2002, it says that there is an alarming increase in diseases, this can be due to change in climate. Accordingly, it has been pointed out by authors that a â€Å"Climate change is disrupting natural ecosystems in a way that is making life better for infectious diseases.† Rising Sea Levels It has been proved that water expands on heating, and so sea levels are also expected to rise due to the global warming and greenhouse effect and the possible climatic change. Thus rising sea levels will also because of the polar caps as they are melting because of the global warming. This rising sea level is already having a negative effect on many small islands. The World Watch Institute has reported that the Earth’s ice cover is melting in more places and at higher rates. (March 6, 2000). This can also have an impact on many coastlines and small countries, and a large population of people of humanity lives near the coasts or by major rivers. (http://www.globalissues.org/article/233/climate-change-and-global-warming-) The relationship of Green house and Ozone Depletion The ozone layer is very important as it protects the environment from the harmful rays of the sunlight. Thus ozone shield is important as it forms a barrier and protects plant and animal life on land from the suns ultraviolet rays, which may cause skin cancer, cataracts, and damage to the immune system. Ozone layer depletion can also alter the DNA living creature on the earth. Thus ozone layer is very important for the life in the earth. Shindell, et. al. wrote inNature, that Greenhouse gases warm the Earths surface but cool the stratosphere radiative, and therefore affect ozone depletion. Moreover by the end of 2019, Shindell, et al. expects that the ozone layer may reduce by two-thirds in the Arctic poles. Not only this, the severity and duration of the ozone hole in the Antarctic are also likely to increase, this may be because of greenhouse-gas-induced stratospheric cooling over the coming decades. As reported by NASA researchers and also by European, Japanese, and Canadian scientists, there is a connection between global warming, a cooling stratosphere, and depletion of stratospheric ozone. The report also says that the ozone layer is having a stabilizing effect on the Antarctic poles, whereas ozone levels in the Arctic circle are still falling. Conclusion: As per (Bruinsma 2011), there has to be an increase in total global food production by at least 70 to 100 percent by the end of the year 2050. It’s only then we can adequately feed a global population of nine billion people at that time. It has been already seen that China and India, the worlds most populated nations, and both the country has more than 1 billion inhabitants; each has sustained once a year gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate over 10 years ago that is among the worlds highest 9 percent for China and 7 percent for India, moreover it has been estimated that by the year 2025, Indias total population will be equal to China’s population, thus making India the worlds most populated country. In the year 1961, the information available on the annual market supply for almost all countries in world and production of agricultural commodities. In the western world, agriculture, transport and protect food in the technological development at the end of the 19th ce ntury led to the expansion of the food industry and food preparation shifted from households to industry, so stimulating the nutrition transition. Worldwide it has been noted that water shortage reflects the per capita decline and also in irrigation for the production of food. Also because of the population increase and also increased pollution the Ozone layer is getting depleted and is causing global warming and which will be the major cause of plant and human disease. So it is needed that the pollution should be as low as possible. It is also needed in future that the global food production should be increased by adopting new and innovative and mechanized method for production and cultivation of the crop. References: Caribben Youth environment Network (NO) Land degradation [online].Bridgetown:Carribbean YEN [Accessed at 28 October 2014] . Available at:  http://www.cyen.org/innovaeditor/assets/Land degradation module.pdf >. Carnegie Institute. (2010) Carbon dioxides effects on plants increase global warming, study finds. [online] . Washington : Carnegie Institute .[Accessed 27 October 2014]. Available at:  http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/05/100503161435.htm> . Dongmei XU, Xinzhong XU, Yingzhong XIE, (2014), Dynamics of sandy desertification and detection of sandy and/steppe boundary: vegetation and soil properties, Polish journal of ecology, Vol 60, pp. 251–263. FAO,IFAD,WEF. (2013) The state of food insecurity in the world 2013 In: The Multiple Dimensions of Food Security [online]. Roma: FAO. [Accessed at 01November 2014]. Available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/018/i3434e/i3434e.pdf >. Gerbens-Leenes, P.W., Nonhebel, S. and Krol, M.S (2010) Food consumption patterns and economic growth. Increasing affluence and the use of natural resources. Appetite,54(3), pp.597-608. Global Issues (2013) Climate Change and Global Warming Introduction [online]. [Accessed 29 October 2014]. Available at:  http://www.globalissues.org/article/233/climate-change-and-global-warming-introduction#WhatistheGreenhouseEffect> . Hanjara, M.A. and Qureshi, M.E (2010) Global water crisis and future food security in an era of climate change. Food policy,35(5),pp . 365-377 . Idso, C.D.(2011) Estimates of Global Food Production in the Year 2050 Will We Produce Enough to Adequately Feed the World? [online]. Tempe:CO2 SCIENCE. [ Accessed at 28 October 2014 ]. Available at:  http://www.co2science.org/education/reports/foodsecurity/GlobalFoodProductionEstimates2050.pdf >. Jason P. Field, David D. Breshears, Jeffrey J. Whicker and Chris B. Zou (2012)Sediment capture by vegetation patches: Implications for desertification and increased resource redistribution, Journal of Geophysical Research: Bio geosciences, Vol 117, Issue G1, March 2012. Johansen, B . E. (NO) The relationship of Green house and Ozone Depletion  [online ].[Accessed 01 November 2014]. Available at:  http://www.ratical.org/ratville/ozoneDepletion.html > . National Defense Research Institute (NDRI) (2011) The Asian Giants are Heading Down Different Demographic Paths (China and India)[online] USA:(NDRI). [Accessed 25 October 2014]. Available at:  http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9598/index1.html > World Nuclear Association (2014) Climate Change – The Science London:  [Accessed 29 October 2014]. Available at: http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Energy-and-Environment/Climate-ChangeThe-Science/>. WU,Wen-bin., YU, Q., Peter ,V. H. , YOU, L.Z , YANG, P. and TANG,H. J . (2014) How Could Agricultural Land Systems Contribute to Raise Food Production Under Global Change? Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 13(7),pp.1432-1442.

Sunday, January 19, 2020

Delivering Moral Messages in Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been a

Delivering Moral Messages in Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been and A Good Man is Hard to Find School shootings, bombings, rape, and murder are words that are commonly seen in newspaper headlines and heard on the morning news. To most people these acts seem like senseless violence. However, writers like Joyce Carol Oates and Flannery O’Connor use these same violent images to deliver a powerful moral message. Their stories â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?† and â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† are very comparable in the lessons that they teach. Joyce Carol Oates’s â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been† begins with the introduction of it’s main character, Connie, a fifteen year- old girl. Oates makes Connie’s vanity quiet well know by telling the reader that Connie has the â€Å"habit of craning her neck to glance into mirrors†. Indeed, it is this vanity and Connie’s innocence that places her right in the path of Arnold Friend. Arnold will confirm this by telling Connie that there is nothing else for â€Å"a pretty girl like you but to be sweet and give in.† In fact, critics generally interpret this story as Connie’s initiation into evil. What’s in a name? If you’re talking about one of Joyce Carol Oates’s characters, a name can say a lot. Arnold Friend’s name can be interpreted as â€Å"aren’t no friend† or â€Å"A. Friend† (Johnson 150). Either way his is a demonic figure that represents the death of Connie’s spirit. In fact, Arnold Friend is based on a serial killer know as â€Å"The Pied Piper of Tucson.† As Oates reports, this â€Å"tabloid psychopath† specialized in â€Å"the seduction and occasional murder of teenage girls† (Wesley). The Pied Piper was in his thirties; yet, he managed to counterfeit teenage dress, talk, and behavior. He also stuffed rags into his leather boots to give him height. These elements of the Pied Piper’s behavior are very obvious in Oates’s portrayal of Arnold Friend (Johnson 148). Joyce Carol Oates dedicated â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been† to Bob Dylan. His song â€Å"It’s All Over Now, Baby Blue† was her inspiration. The many lines from Dylan’s song obviously influenced the story (see appendix A). The vagabond who’s rapping at your door Is standing in clothes that you once wore. However, the mood and tone of the story also reveal more subtle connections (Davidson). â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been† has ... ... and The Misfit play similar demonic roles and serve as a reminder that evil can come in many forms. They both violently lead their victims to make religious epiphanies. The price paid for their spiritual rebirth is an immediate death. Both Flannery O’Connor and Joyce Carol Oates have been criticized for their violent writings. However, the acts portrayed in their stories aren’t senseless. They are meant to show the purification of the involved characters. Also, they serve as a catharsis or reassurance of faith for the reader. Works Cited Davidson, Rob. Dedication of Joyce Carol Oates’s Short Story to Dylan. 16 Mar. 2000 . Friedman, Melvin L., and Clark, Beverly Lyon. Critical Essays on Flannery O’Connor. Boston: G.K. Hall & Co., 1985. Johnson, Greg. Joyce Carol Oates: A Study of the Short Fiction. New York: Twayne, 1994. Portch, Stephen R. â€Å"O’Connor’s ‘A Good Man Is Hard to Find’.† The Explicator 37 (1978): 19-20. Schott, Webster. â€Å"Flannery O’Connor: Faith’s Stepchild.† The Nation 201 (1965): 142-44, 146. Wesley, Marilyn C. â€Å"The Transgressive Other in Joyce Carol Oates’s Recent Fiction.† Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction XXXIII (1992): 255-62.

Saturday, January 11, 2020

Class or Mass Case Analysis Essay

Class- or Mass?: Case QuestionsNeptune Gourmet is facing the problem of an inventory pileup. The company needs a way to sell the excess inventory. At the same time many new ships were purchased and expected to operate, which increases supply. Rita Sanchez proposes a cut in prices of the product by fifty percent. This price cut poses a problem due to the fact the Neptune Seafood is a premium product and usually sells for a higher price than the competition. In order to maintain the premium product image Sanchez proposes starting a mass market brand to decrease inventory. There are many variables but some of the bigger ones include; creating the separate brand at all and whether or not the new brand would be associated or separate from the current Neptune brand. Some executives agree with Sanchez while others take the side of Jim Hargrove in disagreement of the proposal. The dilemma is whether the company should start a new brand and price it at fifty percent of the Neptune Gold brand in order to increase sales and decrease inventory. The executives have many conflicting opinions about the effects on the image of the Neptune brand if this method of inventory reduction is carried out. The goal of research for Neptune is to determine the effects on the consumer’s views if a new brand is implemented. How well would a new brand perform entering the current market? Is there already a popular brand on the market that has the low cost segment secured? Neptune should look into what their competition would be in an almost new market. This new brand would likely be seen as lower quality due to the price. With the Neptune name associated the quality image would be strengthened for the lower price product. As mentioned in the case would the grocers fail to stock the product for fear of competition with the stores own private label product?Should the brand be associated with the current Neptune Gold brand or would that hurt the current premium product image. If the name of the new less expensive brand was Neptune Silver, as suggested, but had the quality of Neptune Gold would customers be lost to the lower priced product. Would the lower priced product increase the market size into a lower income bracket? Again, what is the market currently like for low priced seafood? One of the important strengths of Neptune is the fact that all of their products have the Association of Seafood Processors and  Distributors â€Å"Gold Seal of Approval†. If this new brand didn’t have that seal would that also affect the company image?If this is a feasible investment what effects would flooding the market with a low priced product cause. Will other companies with inventory pile-ups respond and cause a price war? The other companies in the market are bound to do something in response to the low prices. If Neptune chooses to do nothing with the stockpiled inventory another company is likely to sell at a very low price to decrease inventory first. Is it a good idea to be a first mover and capture the low priced market early?Also, would targeting South and Central America be a favorable option? In a country where the lower price by U.S. standards wouldn’t seem quite as low, Neptune could keep its premium status while still decreasing inventory. In addition, expanding into other countries could prove to be a profitable venture. At the same time hopefully the expansion could increase demand and decrease the surplus of inventor y. Overall would the venture be profitable? More precisely is the infrastructure in South and Central America suited for distribution or would this cost reduce the feasibility of the investment. A market analysis would be a good starting approach to researching this plan of action. The first step is to define your target market. You need to know exactly what the consumers are like, and how large the market is for the lower price product. Here you could find out who is going to buy the product and how much demand there will be. Projections could be made on the affect to the market and what policies are in place that could decrease profitability. In solving the marketability issue this method along with a SWOT analysis would be very useful. With the problem Neptune is facing in regards to product image, I would use an exploratory approach to learning about the consumer. I would host focus groups to try and determine how the inexpensive brand is associated to the Neptune Gold brand. This would help determine if the brand should be associated closely with Neptune Gold or held distant from the core product. Should Neptune expand into Southern and Central America? Exploratory in-depth interviews would be a quality option for determining if the market would  accept the product or not. You could look for some secondary information on how other similarly priced seafood products performed in that region. The individual would be the best for a focus group in determining the product image dilemma. It could be determined if different financial groups would react differently to the new brand. For example; would the less expensive brand be substituted by the middle class individuals to save money?With a market analysis most of the information would be secondary. The research would involve finding the right data to give the best idea of how well a new product would do in the market. It’s possible that other institutions could be approached in search of information. This would give quality information on where and what would work best for Neptune. With the foreign market problem the research should be done on the retailers and suppliers for the most effective information. These people could tell you pricing and sales information of products currently sold in South and Central America. Also, culture in other countries has to be considered. Most of what you would need to know to enter a new market, the suppliers and retailers could convey through interviews.

Friday, January 3, 2020

Itmg381 - Week 8 Assignment - 630 Words

ITMG381 - Week 8 Fill in your name above, put your answer below each question, and then return this document for grading following the instructions in the syllabus. Please provide detailed answers to support all of the questions. Use examples from the readings, or from your own research, to support answers. The assignment must be 1-page in length with a minimum of 2 outside sources. Chapter 14 A large American multinational corporation wants to establish a telephone and email hotline for employees to report wrongdoing within the company. The company has offices in the European Union and wants to ensure that it avoids violations of E.U. data protection laws. What steps can the company take to increase the likelihood that its†¦show more content†¦http://www.cnil.fr/english/Show MoreRelatedEssay about Itmg381 - Week 8 Assignment635 Words   |  3 PagesITMG381 - Week 8 Fill in your name above, put your answer below each question, and then return this document for grading following the instructions in the syllabus. Please provide detailed answers to support all of the questions. Use examples from the readings, or from your own research, to support answers. The assignment must be 1-page in length with a minimum of 2 outside sources. Chapter 14 A large American multinational corporation wants to establish a telephone and email hotline